What You’re Allowed to Do When Signed Off Sick – and What’s Not Permitted

Being signed off sick primarily means you should rest and recover so you return to work in good health. Nevertheless, many employees wonder what they’re allowed to do during this time and what could potentially get them into trouble with their employer. Sabine Brandl, a legal expert at ERGO Rechtsschutz Leistungs-GmbH, explains what being signed off sick really means and which rules employees should be aware of.

What Does Being Signed Off Sick Mean?

A sick note from your doctor (a certificate of incapacity for work) confirms that you’re unable to carry out your usual duties for a set period of time. However, this doesn’t automatically mean you’re forbidden from leaving the house or that you must stay in bed all day. “What matters is which activities will aid your recovery from your particular illness,” explains Sabine Brandl. “If someone engages in activities that could hinder their recovery, it may lead to trouble with their employer – potentially even a formal warning or dismissal.”

What’s Permitted and When Might There Be Problems?

Generally speaking, anything that supports your recovery is permitted. For example, going for a walk in the fresh air can boost your circulation and improve your wellbeing. Doing your food shopping at the supermarket is generally fine too. Light physical activity, such as gentle jogging, can be beneficial – but you should check with your doctor first. If you’re suffering from a mild illness or feeling mentally stressed, meeting up with friends can have a positive effect on your health. Problems arise if your activities contradict your diagnosis or your doctor’s instructions. If you’ve been told to rest in bed, you should stick to that advice. Activities that aren’t considered helpful for recovery include not only strenuous sports, but also things like long shopping trips or nights out at the pub. Ultimately, it depends on your individual situation: for instance, a carpenter with a broken hand can’t work, but going out for a meal isn’t likely to hinder their recovery. “Partying all night or drinking alcohol, however, is regularly seen as detrimental to recovery,” says Brandl.

When Is Going on Holiday Allowed?

Travelling while signed off sick is generally permitted, provided the trip supports your recovery. In cases of mental health issues such as depression or burnout, a holiday and change of scenery can aid recovery. It’s important, though, to discuss any travel plans with your doctor beforehand. If they confirm that the trip won’t hinder your recovery – and ideally, will help – then going on holiday while signed off sick is usually allowed. “Conversely, holidays that are physically demanding or stressful can delay your recovery,” adds the ERGO expert. The nature of your illness is always key: for example, a skiing holiday while you’ve got the flu is not a good idea. Legally, the consequences can include loss of pay, a formal warning, or in repeated or serious cases, even dismissal. “That’s why it’s best to only travel if it will genuinely help your recovery,” advises Brandl. “If you want to be on the safe side, let your employer know.”

Signed Off Sick, but Working at Your Desk?

A doctor’s note certifying incapacity for work isn’t an absolute prohibition on working – it’s an assessment of how your illness is expected to progress. Legally, this means you can choose to work even if you’re signed off sick, provided you feel up to it. You don’t need to see your doctor again beforehand. However, your employer can send you home if they believe you’re still unwell. As ever, communication is key.