Safe in the Mountains

Whether it’s a hike along sunny trails or an excursion into high alpine terrain, countless people are drawn to the mountains every year. Awaiting them are breathtaking views, fresh air, and unique experiences in nature — but also dangers that are easy to underestimate. In 2024 alone, the mountain rescue service in the Bavarian Alps responded to 8,306 incidents, assisting those who had been injured or found themselves in distress. Bettina Konzack, travel expert at ERGO, shares essential tips on how to prepare safely for a mountain tour.

Planning Ahead—But Staying Flexible

Anyone who wants to enjoy the mountains safely should plan every trip carefully. “The first step is to research your route: its level of difficulty, length, elevation gain, and any special features,” says Bettina Konzack, travel expert at ERGO. Key points include choosing a route that matches your fitness and experience, realistically estimating the duration of the hike, and to plan enough breaks. Checking the weather forecast is also crucial. “But that alone isn’t enough, as weather conditions in the mountains can change rapidly. Flexibility on the go is important,” the expert adds. “Sometimes it’s wiser to switch to an alternative route or cut the tour short.”

The Right Equipment

Having suitable equipment is vital for a successful outing. “When it comes to clothing, I recommend the layering principle. Wear several thin layers that can be combined as needed depending on the weather. Always pack protection from rain, cold, and sun,” says Konzack. Your pack should also have enough space for a water bottle, snacks, a map or GPS device, a first-aid kit, a fully charged mobile phone, and possibly trekking poles. Most important of all are sturdy hiking boots with grippy soles and a stable fit—they provide support and help prevent injuries. With this basic kit, hikers are well prepared to enjoy their tour safely.

Awareness and Responsibility—Key to Safe Hiking

Alongside proper preparation and equipment, fitness, experience, and sensible behaviour are also crucial for a safe mountain hike. “Those who realistically assess their own abilities can minimise risks and enjoy the mountains in a relaxed way,” says the ERGO travel expert. Sure-footedness is essential for mountain walkers: being able to place your feet securely even on uneven or slippery ground helps prevent falls. A good head for heights is equally important, especially in exposed sections where there is a risk of falling. Both can be trained, just like physical fitness, coordination, and concentration—all of which are vital for tackling longer or more demanding routes safely. “Particular care is needed when descending: taking small, controlled steps protects your joints, conserves energy, and reduces the risk of accidents. Trekking poles can also improve stability and balance,” Konzack advises. Regular balance and coordination exercises are beneficial on challenging paths. Despite all precautions, accidents or critical situations can still occur. “It’s important to stay calm, keep a clear overview, and administer first aid if necessary. Emergency services can be reached via the Europe-wide emergency number 112,” the expert notes. To attract attention, use visual and acoustic signals such as a torch or whistle.

Staying Safe Around Livestock: Tips for Walkers and Dog Owners

Special care is needed when walking across meadows and pastures where cattle are grazing. “Cows can react sensitively if they feel disturbed or want to protect their calves. In such situations, they can become aggressive,” says Bettina Konzack. The risk increases if dogs are present, as cows instinctively perceive them as a threat. Walkers should therefore keep a safe distance from the animals, always keep dogs on a lead, and avoid direct confrontations.

Hiking or Mountaineering—What’s the Difference?

Not every mountain trip is the same. While hiking usually takes place on well-maintained and clearly marked paths, mountaineering often involves pathless, steep, and potentially dangerous terrain. Technical challenges such as climbing sections, glacier crossings, or the use of crampons make mountaineering significantly more demanding. “For mountaineers, basic hiking equipment is no longer sufficient,” the expert explains. “In addition to sturdy boots, ropes, crampons, ice axes, and belaying techniques are required.” You need not only good physical fitness but also knowledge elf-assessment are indispensable. Mountaineers operate in environments with additional hazards: falling rocks in rocky areas, avalanche risk in winter or spring, and crevasses on glaciers. Such dangers can only be managed with knowledge, preparation, and the right techniques. “Especially for beginners, it’s advisable to undertake challenging mountain tours only with an experienced mountain guide. They can help with safe route selection, provide important tips for behaviour in alpine terrain, and react quickly in an emergency,” recommends the ERGO travel expert.